Piston ring



May 24, 1932. R, GOOD 1,860,025

I v PISTON RING Filed June 4, 1931' fi 71 g. 7.

Patented Ma f24, 1932 m ta nine Application'fildJune 4,1'93'1; senlqmifs iaiss.

This invention relates to a piston ring having'aself-adjustingconstruction, which ring and constructlon are applicableand may be in U compressors and pumps.

My invention'aims to provide a novelpiston ring of a two partconstruction which has the following more specifioobjects andadvantages:

H so as to maintain an even tension ring against cylinder wall. I I

These specific objects'andadvantages will i oft-he ring,

used on pistons of all types of internal combustion engines, steamengines all types of 1.' Prevention ofpiston slapping.

2. Prevention of oil pumping, 3. Providing for adequate lubrication ofthe cylinder. 7 V j 4. Removal of excess oil'from cylinder w g l wall ofthe cylinderrand atits lower edgej l5,

wall. I

5. Self-adjusting construction which compensates for wear so that thering is main- 1 H tained tightin the piston ring groove, taking'up alllateral wear of ring in th s groove.

6. Self-adjusting construction which compensates for wear'betweentheouter surface ofthe ring bearing against'thecylinder wall, tight.piston become apparent from a consideration of the followlng descriptiontaken 1n connection I r with the accompanying drawings illustrative ofthe construction and features of installation of my invention.

In sald drawings V j V Figure 1 1s a central vertical'sectlonal Viewfragmentarily showing the invention applied 'to a piston of an internalcombustion engine, Figure 2 is a side elevation of the complete ring, c

Figure 3 is a plan vlew of the outer sect on Figure 4 is a plan view ofthe inner section of the r1ng,

Figure 5 is a detail perspective view of the anchoring end of the innerring,

Figure 6 1s a fragmentary perspective vlew illustrating an intermediateportion of the inner ring,

Figure 7 is a fragmentaryfront elevation showing the joint of the innerring, and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of the outer ring.

I Referring specifically to the drawings, the lnventlon is shown asapplied ina groove 10* of a pistonll of the type, used inlan internal"coinbustion engine although of course the invention is capable of broaduse wherever a piston ring or itsequivalent is capableiof use. Leadingdiagonally inward from the base of the groove 10, isan oil drain passageway 12.

v The piston ring is composite since .it ema bodies an'outerring section13 and an'inner ring sectionl l, the latter being slightly .oversize wth respect-to the former so that the proper expansion will ensueto causethe out-- er ring tomaintain intimate contactwith the approximately 42and the cross section of the outer ring shows a right angle trianglehavingangles of 90-, and approx mately {L 2 The inner H l j 1153"section is 'substantially triangular in cross section and machined usingthe same angles 48 429O but so located that 7 when the two diagonal(surfaces ofthe ring bear against each other; the 42 angle of the; outerring is imposed on the;4 8 angle of the ner ring is ground to present aconvex-sun,

face 18 theradius ofwhichvaries in accordancewith -the width of thering; 1

' innerringi ,-The 'diagonal s'urface of the in-q thereof at 19; isan'expander spring 20 with Y itsends 21 and 22 normally sprung inwardly, asshown in Figure 4. The, portion21has an'inwardlyextending lugat 23,- andthe sec-Q tion 14: mayhave its joint along diagonal lines as at 24,although an equivalent joint maybe substituted;

the groove 10 as a result voff'w-hichithe ISBC;

Inithe use of the device, the disposed in a recess 25 located in a walladjacent 1 tion His anchored and the spring portion 22 causes theexertion of proper-pressure to I maintain thegringun intnnate engagementwith the cylinder wall. The ring section 14, being anchored, cannotturn, and hence it prevents turning of the section 18 and causes bothring sections to always move in the same line, more accuratelyadaptingand seating itself against the cylinder Wall. Thelug 23 is'so located inthe piston ring groove that the spring exerts pressure on the piston,

and holding the ring against the wall of the cylinder, thus preventingpiston slapping. Because of the space provided between the inner section14: and the outer section 13, in

engagement in, recess 25'.

the rear of edge 15, I find in operation, that a vvacuum is'createdwhich holdsand moves a ring of lubricant up anddown'on' the cyl Y inderwall :and that excess'oil will be drained through openings '12 .to theinside iofthe piston and from thence returned to the crank case.=

The parts 'constitutingjthe ringinay be made of any suitable :materials,that at 13- preferahly being of cast iron. The section 14 tions beingsubstantially'triangular and engaging at their diagonal surfaces, saidsec:

tions at the outer lower corner of the ring 7 being spaced apart so thatin operation a scraping edge is provided for engagement. with thecylinder wall and such space will create a vacuumtoretain and move abody of lubricant, a springmember carriedby the o inner ring, saidmember at one end having a, lug engageablewith a piston to preventturning of the section relatively to the piston,

one end of said spring member being free and angularly disposed to serveas an expander;

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. 7

FRANCIS R; e001 may also be of cast iron :or if desired of mild V Irespective walls of the groove 10; This 'moVement of the rings will becaused by the expan- T sion-o'ftherings that areformed normally spreadat their ends, as shown in Figures 3 and V4, and by the action of thefree ends 21' and 22 of spring 20. Furthermore, the free end;21 insuresthat the lug 23 will'remain in Various changes may be resorted toprov-ided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. v

I claim as my invention 1. A piston ring structure comp-rising an outersection and an inner section, said sec tions 'be'ing substantiallytriangular and en- 1 gaging at their diagonal surfaces, the engag 'ingportion of the inner section be'ingconvex providing 'means whereby saidsections at the outer lower corner of the ring are spaced apart so thatin operation a scraping edge is provided'for engagement with thecylinder: wall and such space will create ayacuum to retain and move abody of lubricant, a spring secured intermediate of its ends to theinner side of the inner section, a lugon one end of said spring, and .apiston provided with a. recess to receive said lug to preventcircu-mferent-ial movement of the ring section on the 2A piston ringstructureycomprisingIan outer section and aninner section, said Sec-

